• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    For a simple and reliable data communication in an arrangement of a number of serially interconnected inverters (31, 32, ... 3n) and a grid monitoring unit (5) is provided by the grid monitoring unit applied to the electrical load (4) mains voltage (VN) (5) to superimpose a synchronization pulse (10) which can be detected by the inverters (31, 32, ... 3n) for temporal synchronization.
    公开号:AT513542A1
    申请号:T50517/2012
    申请日:2012-11-15
    公开日:2014-05-15
    发明作者:David Aitzetmüller；Christian Fasthuber；Clemens Bittmann
    申请人:Fronius Int Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FO-3505 AT
    Method and arrangement for data communication between an inverter and a grid monitoring unit
    The subject application relates to a method for data communication between a network monitoring unit connected to an electrical load and a number of inverters connected in series on the output side, wherein the inverters and the network monitoring unit are synchronized with one another in time.
    Photovoltaic systems typically include a number of solar panels which provide a DC voltage of a certain magnitude depending on the solar radiation. This DC voltage is converted into an AC voltage or an AC current by an inverter and supplied to an electric power supply network, or connected to an electric load such as an electric power source. an electric machine or a battery charging station. Different configurations have become known. The subject invention relates to an arrangement in which each solar panel has its own inverter and the individual inverters are connected in series, wherein the sum of the output voltages of the inverter results in the voltage of the electrical supply network or the electrical load. Such an arrangement is e.g. from GB 2 483 317 A. This also states that the individual inverters must be synchronous with each other and with the supply network or load. For this purpose, it is proposed to evaluate the mains voltage by means of a sensor, e.g. in terms of amplitude, phase and frequency, and to send this information to synchronization units of the individual inverters. This can be done via own control lines, or also by means of Powerline communication. However, GB 2 483 317 A does not describe how the synchronization should be done in detail.
    EP 1 483 819 B1 describes a method for controlling electrical devices by means of powerline communication. In this case, a number of participants are connected to a power supply network that communicate with each other and must be synchronized with each other. For synchronization, the nodes use the zero crossing of the mains voltage to build up a channel grid with one transmission and reception cycle. Each transmission and reception cycle is limited by zero crossings of the mains voltage. Each participant must observe the mains voltage at their zero crossings and be equipped accordingly. However, this type of synchronization can only work if the individual subscribers are connected in parallel to the power supply network. Therefore, this power line communication method would not work in an arrangement according to GB 2 483 317 A. 2/11
    FO-3505 AT
    It is now an object of the present invention to provide an arrangement and a method with which a simple and reliable data communication in an arrangement of a number of serially interconnected inverters is possible.
    This object is achieved in accordance with the invention in which the mains voltage applied to the electrical load is superimposed by the network monitoring unit on a synchronization pulse, which is detected by the inverters for temporal synchronization. This synchronization pulse can be detected by all serially connected inverters, which means that the inverters can easily synchronize with the grid monitoring unit for data communication. In addition, the synchronization pulses form defined periods in which an arbitrary communication protocol can be realized.
    Particularly advantageously, at least two data channels of predetermined time duration are formed between two successive synchronization pulses. The data channels can then be used by the inverters and the network monitoring unit according to the communication protocol.
    The reliability of the data communication can be improved if a predetermined pulse duration is provided between the transmission or detection of the synchronization pulse and the first data channel, so that the synchronization pulse can sufficiently decay before data is sent over the line.
    The synchronization pulse is advantageously related to a defined, unique and easily detected reference point of the mains voltage and after a predetermined delay time after this reference point, preferably the zero crossing or vertex of the mains voltage sent.
    The delay time may be used to advantage to provide additional data from an inverter to the grid monitoring unit, e.g. for signaling an emergency situation of an inverter, or vice versa, e.g. for addressing an inverter, to send. In this way, further important for the operation of the system information can be easily transmitted without limiting the bandwidth of the data communication. Signaling an emergency situation can also result in an emergency shutdown, increasing system safety and safety for the user.
    The subject invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to Figures 1 to 4, which show by way of example and schematically advantageous embodiments of the invention. It shows 3/11
    FO-3505 AT
    1 shows a block circuit of a photovoltaic system to an electrical load,
    2 shows the mains voltage with synchronization pulses,
    3 shows an enlargement thereof and
    4 shows an embodiment of a synchronization unit.
    A photovoltaic system 1 comprises a series of photovoltaic modules 2i, 22,... 2n. Each photovoltaic module 2i, 22, ... 2n is connected in a manner known per se to an associated inverter 3i, 32, ... 3n, each having the DC voltage VDCi, VDC2, ... VDCn of the photovoltaic module 2h 22, ... 2n in an AC voltage VAci, VÄc2, ... VAcn at the output of the inverter 3 !, 32, ... 3n converts. The inverters 3i, 32,... 3n are connected in series via their outputs, the sum of the alternating voltages VACi, VAc2,... VACn being the mains voltage VN of the supply network to be supplied or of the electrical consumer to be supplied (generally as electrical load 4) in amplitude and phase. The mains voltage VN is monitored in a network monitoring unit 5 connected to the electrical load 4. The network monitoring unit 5 is connected in parallel to the series-connected inverters 3i, 32, ... 3n. In the network monitoring unit 5, a synchronization unit 6 is further arranged, which is responsible for synchronizing the individual inverters 3i, 32, ... 3n to the mains voltage VN, as will be explained below in detail. For this purpose, each inverter 3i, 32, ... 3n also comprises a control unit 71, 72,... 7 ", which evaluates the synchronization information of the synchronization unit 6 and controls the inverters 3 ^ 32,... 3n for synchronization to the mains voltage VN ,
    2 shows the time course of the mains voltage VN. In a predetermined time interval td from the zero crossing, a synchronization pulse 6 which is short in time is generated by the synchronization unit 6 (see FIG. 3) and superimposed on the mains voltage VN. This synchronization pulse 10 can be detected due to the serial connection of the inverter 3 ^ 32, ... 3n by each inverter 3 ^ 32, ... 3n or by the associated control unit 7U 72, ... 7n and therefore provides a clear temporal Reference to which the inverter Si, 32, ... 3n can synchronize. The synchronization pulse 10 can of course, with or without delay td, also at another unique time of the mains voltage VN, e.g. at the vertex of the mains voltage VN. For data communication, for example, two data channels are defined here. For this purpose, after the detection or after the transmission of the synchronization pulse 10, a predetermined pulse duration tSp is waited. Thereafter, for a certain period of time, tN data may be sent from the network monitoring unit 5 to the inverters 3i, 32, ... 3n. This can also be used to control the inverters 3i, 32,... 3n centrally from the grid monitoring unit 5 as a function of the state of the electrical load 4/11
    FO-3505 AT 4, e.g. by specifying voltage values VAc, frequency, reactive power and active power specifications, etc. This is followed by the duration t | a second data channel for sending data, e.g. Status data, operating data, data for central monitoring, etc., from the inverters 3i, 32, ... 3n to the grid monitoring unit 5. In this case, a transmission cycle lasts one period of the grid voltage VN.
    In this way, an entire wave or half-wave of the mains voltage can be used for data communication. At a mains frequency of 60Hz, as is common in North America or Asia, this results in a time span of approximately 16.7 ms (whole wave) or 8.35 ms (half wave) for the intended data channels. At a mains frequency of 50Hz, as usual in Europe, there is a time span of 20ms.
    However, a configuration is also conceivable in which a plurality of such photovoltaic modules 2h 22,... 2n connected in series via the inverters 3i, 32,... 3n are connected in parallel to one another and to the network monitoring unit 5 or the electrical load 4. For example, For example, three strings, each with ten inverters connected in series, could be connected in parallel to the grid monitoring unit 5 or the electrical load 4. Due to the parallel connection of the synchronization pulse 10 is sent in each strand of series-connected inverters and can be detected there for synchronization of the inverter.
    It goes without saying that adaptations are conceivable and possible here. For example, For example, more than two data channels could be implemented, or one transmission cycle could be longer than one period of the network voltage VN. Any suitable communication protocol can be implemented for data transmission. For the physical implementation of data transmission can be made of the well-known methods of powerline communication.
    It could also be provided that one of the inverters 3 ^ 32,... 3n or the associated control units 7 ', 72,... 7n also has a synchronization pulse 10 in the direction of the network monitoring unit 5 and / or to the further inverters 3 ^ 32, ... 3n can send, also asynchronously, eg to signal an emergency situation or to trigger some necessary intervention of the network monitoring unit 5, e.g. an emergency from the photovoltaic system 1 or a separation of the photovoltaic system 1 from the electrical load 4. The synchronization pulse 10 in the direction of the network monitoring unit 5 could e.g. also be sent during the delay time td.
    Likewise, other data, e.g. an address information for selecting a particular inverter 3i, 32, ... 3n are sent during the delay time td. 5/11
    FO-3505 AT
    It could also be provided that one of the inverters 3 ^ 32,... 3n assumes the function of the network monitoring unit 5, with which a separate network monitoring unit 5 could be saved.
    The synchronization pulse 10 can be generated in a variety of ways. For example, For example, between phase and neutral an impedance 12 could be connected in series with a switch 11, as shown in FIG. When the switch 11 is open, electrical energy is stored in the impedance 12, which discharges when the switch 11 is closed and generates a synchronization pulse 10. Other ways of generating and detecting a synchronization pulse 10 are e.g. in US Pat. No. 7,078,982 B2. Above all, in the case of a power line method for data communication in which the data signal is superimposed on the carrier signal (mains voltage), the first bit of the data to be transmitted could also be used and detected as the synchronization pulse 10. In general, a specific time, such as the beginning or the end of the data transmission, can also be used as the synchronization pulse 10. 15 Instead of the transmission of the synchronization pulse 10 via the series-connected
    Outputs of the inverters 3i, 32,... 3n could also be provided between the network monitoring unit 5 and the inverters 3i, 32,... 3n and a separate control line for the data communication. The synchronization pulse 10 would then just sent via the control line to the inverters 3i, 32, ... 3n. 6/11
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    FO-3505 AT Claims 1. A method for data communication between a network monitoring unit (5) connected to an electrical load (4) and a number of inverters (3 ^ 32, ... 3n) connected in series 5 on the output side, wherein the inverters (3 ^ 32, ... 3n) and the network monitoring unit (5) are synchronized with one another in time, characterized in that the network voltage (VN) applied to the electrical load (4) is superimposed by the network monitoring unit (5) on a synchronization pulse (10), which is detected by the inverters (3 ^ 32, ... 3n) for temporal synchronization.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that between two aufeinan the following synchronization pulses (10) at least two data channels of predetermined time duration (tN, t |) are formed.
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that between the transmission or detection of the synchronization pulse (10) and the first data channel a predetermined 15 given pulse duration (tsp) is provided.
    [4]
    4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the synchronization pulse (10) after a predetermined delay time (U) to a reference point of the mains voltage (VN), preferably the zero crossing or vertex of the mains voltage (VN) is sent.
    [5]
    5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that during the delay delay time (td) data from an inverter (3i, 32, ... 3n) to the network monitoring unit (5), or vice versa, are sent.
    [6]
    6. Arrangement for data communication between a network monitoring unit (5) connected to an electrical load (4) and a number of inverters (3 ^ 32, ... 3n) connected in series on the output side, characterized in that in the network monitoring unit (5) a synchronization unit (6) for generating a synchronization pulse (10) superimposed on the mains voltage (VN) applied to the load (4) and the inverters (3i, 32, ... 3n) are configured, this synchronization pulse (10) for temporal Synchronization with the network monitoring unit (5) to detect.
    [7]
    7/11 30
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
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    PCT/EP2013/073346| WO2014075999A2|2012-11-15|2013-11-08|Method and arrangement for data communication between an inverter and a network monitoring unit|
    CN201380059186.1A| CN104782015B|2012-11-15|2013-11-08|The method and apparatus to communicate for data between inverter and power system monitor unit|
    US14/442,805| US9906040B2|2012-11-15|2013-11-08|Method and arrangement for data communication between an inverter and a network monitoring unit|
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